Apa itu PCB tegar-fleksibel Bagaimana merancang PCB fleksibel-kaku

Reka bentuk robot dengan papan PCB yang kaku tanpa mempertimbangkan melindungi PCB daripada kegagalan getaran yang disebabkan oleh resonans mekanikal. Kegagalan ini boleh menyebabkan masalah serius seperti penebat dan kapasitor yang rosak, pemutusan komponen, penghentian penghalaan PCB, keretakan sendi pateri, peleburan lapisan PCB, seluar pendek elektrik, dan tong penyaduran ke pemutus. Untuk mengatasi kegagalan ini, papan litar bercetak tegar fleksibel diperlukan.

Apa itu PCB yang kaku dan fleksibel?

A printed circuit board in which a rigid circuit substrate and a flexible circuit substrate are laminated together to solder components on a rigid component and replace the wired connection with a bent portion. The rigid part can be like a traditional rigid PCB, in which components can be soldered on both sides of the circuit board and multi-layer connections can be made, and flexible parts can be connected in multiple layers, but components can be soldered on it because Used to connect only between rigid circuit sections

Eliminating connectors from the design introduces the following attributes to the circuit:

Signal transmission from one part to another without loss and jitter (noise)

Eliminate connection issues such as cold junctions

Free up space and reduce weight

Makes the circuit vibration-proof and installable in applications with moving parts.

Designing rigid and flexible PCBs:

A variety of software can be used to design rigid flexible PCBs, but Altium provides the best 3D visualization of rigid flexible PCBs and is highly recommended. When designing rigid and flexible sections, the most important thing is to choose the copper trace width based on the application. The formula for calculating the trace width of the rigid part is,

However, “I” is the current, “ΔT” is the temperature rise, and “A” is the area of the trace. To calculate the width from the area obtained by the equation above,

Width = area / (thickness * 1.378)

For the inner layers of the PCB, use k = 0.024 and for the outer layers use k = 0.048

Now about the copper trace width of the bend

This indicates that different trace widths of the same amount of current must be used in the rigid and curved parts due to the different thickness, area and dielectric constant of the material. Rayming PCB and assembly engineers can always consult the correct trace width and favorable materials according to your operating frequency and application.

Simulation of flexible PCB:

Paper doll mockups are very important when designing flexible circuits. This simple practice can help designers prevent many mistakes by showing bending-related issues early, and can save time and money. This helps designers predict the bend radius and choose the correct direction for the copper traces to prevent tearing or discontinuities.

Designing copper traces with offsets:

Mengekalkan tembaga tambahan dalam reka bentuk meningkatkan kestabilan dimensi litar fleksibel. Untuk reka bentuk fleksibel satu sisi dan dua sisi, adalah praktik yang baik untuk memihak reka bentuk di sekitar jejak tembaga. Menambah atau membuang tembaga tambahan hanya bergantung pada aplikasinya, tetapi jika pereka mempunyai tembaga tambahan yang berat sebelah, jejak dengan bias harus lebih disukai untuk kestabilan mekanikal. Di samping itu, ini mengurangkan jumlah tembaga yang terukir, yang mesra alam untuk kegunaan kimia.

Apa itu PCB tegar-fleksibel Bagaimana merancang PCB Huaqiang fleksibel-fleksibel

Struktur stapler dalam fleksibiliti pelbagai lapisan:

Interleaved length designs are often used to facilitate the design of multilayer flexible circuits. In this technique, the designer slightly increases the length of each subsequent flexible layer, which is typically 1.5 times the thickness of a single layer. Doing so prevents the center of the bending layer in a multilayer flexible circuit having separate layers from bending. With this simple method, the tensor strain and I-beam effects established on the outer metal layer can be eliminated, which may be a key issue in dynamic applications.

Apa itu PCB tegar-fleksibel Bagaimana merancang PCB Huaqiang fleksibel-fleksibel

Track corner routing:

Some issues related to wire routing in flexible circuits include keeping the number of crossings to a minimum so that the number of layers can be reduced to save costs, and the second is the bend angle of the traces in a flexible circuit design. The trace should be bent and folded at the corners, as the sharp corners can capture the solution during etching and may over-etch and will be difficult to clean after processing. When there are copper traces on both sides of the flexible circuit, the designer should design a space of 2-2.5 times the trace width to avoid any electrical shorts and proper etching. Considering these instructions can improve signal propagation and reduce reflections when turning.

Apa itu PCB tegar-fleksibel Bagaimana merancang PCB Huaqiang fleksibel-fleksibel

Rigid bending transitions:

Jarak minimum dari kawasan peralihan tegar ke fleksibel ke lubang pelepasan dan dilapisi melalui tepi lubang tidak boleh kurang dari 0.0748 inci. Semasa merancang jarak antara pinggir dalam dan luar lubang dan pemotongan yang tidak berlapis, bahan baki akhir tidak boleh kurang dari 0,0197 inci.

Antaramuka fleksibel yang dilekatkan melalui lubang

Jarak minimum yang disyorkan antara bahagian tegar dan dilapisi melalui lubang untuk antara muka fleksibel tegar lebih besar daripada 0.125 inci. Pelanggaran boleh menjejaskan kebolehpercayaan lubang bersalut.